Are you planning to buy a Toilet Flange? This guide will help you to find the Best Toilet Flange according to your needs.Liquid Market Definition | Investopedia www.investopedia.com/terms/l/liquidmarket.asp In a liquid market. The opposite of a liquid market is called a "thin market. How to Build a Shower 20 How To Build a Shower: Framing and Plumbing. This is the first of three articles in our Building a Shower series: How To Build a Shower. How to Build a Shower Pan. In the first article, we covered the initial steps of building a shower — shower framing and shower plumbing. In this second article, we will walk through the process of building a traditional shower pan using concrete mortar (a. A mortar shower pan (or mud shower pan) is a hand- built shower base constructed from concrete. Once finished, the shower pan forms the drain containing floor of the shower. Shower pans are typically sloped to a central drain and finished with a tile surface. The purpose of a finished shower pan is to create a stable shower floor that quickly empties waste shower water through its drain. While most shower water drains in this fashion through the primary drain, some does not. The finished surface of many showers is not perfectly waterproof. Some water will penetrate the surface of the shower and pass into the core of the shower pan. Grouted tile surfaces are water resistant, but will, especially over time, allow some water to pass through. This leads us to the secondary job of the shower pan. The secondary job of a shower pan is to re- direct any water that has penetrated the surface of the shower floor back into the drain. A properly built shower pan redirects water back to the drain by way of an embedded waterproof membrane that is sloped toward and sealed to the drain. This system forces penetrated water back to and into the drain, through special weep holes built into the side of shower drains. Shower pans built without a shower liner, or similar system of waterproofing, can allow water to pass readily through the shower pan into the floor and wall structures. The concrete used to build shower pans is readily permeable to water and will easily allow water to pass through it into surrounding building structures without the installation of a shower liner. There are many ready- made shower pan systems available to use when building a shower. Even so, it is hard to beat a traditional hand- made mortar shower pan. Pre- made shower pans offer speed and ease of installation, but often lack the rigidity, strength and flexibility of a hand- poured concrete pan. Packaged systems (Kerdi, others) get expensive and complicated without offering compelling advantages over hand made shower pans. A hand built shower pan is built in layers around a shower drain assembly. Building a mortar shower pan is a relatively simple task of assembling these layers. It will take a bit of time and some work, but the reward will be a long lasting, durable shower base. Before you begin building your new shower, you should have a stable sub- floor and the appropriate shower drain in place. Once construction of the shower base is complete, you will need to finish the shower pan surface with tile or a suitable surface. More information regarding the prep and finish work of the shower pan can be found in the other shower construction articles; How to Build a Mortar Shower Pan – Step by Step. Confirm rigidity of the subfloor and proper drain base installation. Prior to building a mortar shower pan, you should have an stable, flat, sufficiently- strong subfloor with an appropriate 2″ drain installed (see Build a Shower Series – Part 1: Shower Framing and Plumbing). Stable subfloor base of 3/4″ plywood for shower pan. Before you build your shower pan, you should have a solid subfloor and properly installed drain base. ![]() ![]() Frame the shower curb. If you are planning on a shower curb, you have several options. You can build a form to pour mortar into or use materials to form the core of the curb and apply mortar on top of this core. I used the core and mortar around method using several stacked 2x. To build a curb using a 2 x 4 core, stack and fasten several (I used 3) 2x. First screw the bottom 2 x 4 to the subfloor, and then screw the second 2 x 4 to the fastened first 2 x 4 and repeat to desired curb height. ![]() To build a curb using forms for a concrete pour, assemble forms using boards or similar and fill the forms with concrete. Stack 2 x 4s or bricks or short concrete blocks to create a curb “core”. Later, apply mortar around this core to form a shower curb. Cover shower pan plywood with a layer of asphalt felt (tar paper) or similar. To begin the shower pan construction, add a layer of roofing felt (tar paper) to the bottom of the shower pan. The felt will serve as a moisture barrier for the first layer of mud helping the mortar to retain moisture while curing. It will also help to isolate the subfloor from the shower pan. To install the asphalt felt, cover the flat surface of the subfloor, cutting around the drain base. Add a few galvanized staples to secure the felt to the plywood. Cover subfloor plywood with layer of roofing felt prior to pouring the first layer of the shower pan. Add blocking to create shower pan box. Next, add wood blocking between the wall framing to create a “box” for the shower pan. For the blocking material, use pieces of 2x. I used pieces of the 3/4″ plywood I used to build my subfloor. The blocking should be at least as high as the shower curb. Add blocking between wall studs to form shower pan “box” to retain the shower pan layers. Mount galvanized wire mesh to base of shower pan and over curb. Add galvanized mesh or stucco wire to the bottom of the shower pan, The mesh will reinforce base floor mud layer of mortar and help hold the mortar to the shower curb. Bend the mesh slightly to create “waves” in mesh to help embed the mesh in the center of the floor mud. Carry the mesh around the curb framing and secure with galvanized staples. Add stucco wire or galvanized wire mesh to reinforce the mud mortar. Carry this mesh around the 2×4 curb frame to help hold the wet floor mix to the curb. Notice waves in mesh to help embed in mud pour. Bend stucco wire over and around 2×4 curb frame to hold and reinforce the concrete floor mix used to build the shower pan and curb. Wire mesh secured to wood shower pan curb with staples. Prepare floor mix. Traditional floor mix mortar (floor mud or deck mud) is a 5 to 1 mixture of sand and Portland cement. To make strong, stable mud, add just enough water to create a thick clay- like mixture that just holds its shape when packed. A latex concrete admixture can be added for some or all of the water component of the mortar mix to add flexibility and strength – in many cases, however, latex is overkill for typical shower pan mortar. That said, I did substitute about half of the water requirement for my mix with latex admixture (I like overkill). To make quality mud, first dry mix the ingredients (even if from a premixed bagged product) thoroughly with a hoe to ensure proper sand / cement contact. Once mixed, add water (or a water/latex blend). Use only enough water to create a mix that will hold its shape when squeezed in your hand, but not release excess water. Dry mixes create strong, stable concrete with less shrinkage and higher compression strength. Mix shower pan floor mud by adding just enough water to hold its shape when squeezed in your hand. Build the shower pan first layer with floor mix mortar. Using the prepared floor mix mortar, build the first layer of the shower pan. Slope this base layer from the walls of the shower toward the shower drain at a drop of 1/4 to 3/8″ per foot. To help you create the proper slope, first determine and mark the shower walls with the proper starting height for the mortar. This starting height is the mortar height at the wall that will provide the proper slope toward the drain. The amount of added height needed at the wall can be calculated by the adding to total calculated added height needed for the desired slope. Most shower pans require a minimum of 1/4 to 3/8″ of drop per foot. To figure the necessary height at the shower wall to obtain this slope, measure the distance from the wall to the drain edge and multiply by the desired slope (1/4″ to 3/8″ per foot). Example: Distance from the drain to the wall: 2 feet. Desired slope: 1/4″ per foot. Result: 2 feet x 1/4″ per foot = 1/2″ extra height at the wall. In this example, the mortar level at the shower wall will be 1/2″ higher than the height of the mortar surface a the drain edge. Because the distance from the shower walls to the drain varies for nearly every shower pan (the exception being a round shower pan with a centered drain), the amount of slope throughout the pan will vary as well. To set the minimum proper slope for the entire pan, calculate and mark the wall height for the wall location that is the furthest from the drain.
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The market starts with a parade of the artists welcomed by the city of Santa Fe as they gather in the main plaza welcomed by a Cuban live band. Li Edelkoort, the honorary chair for 2. Keith Recker, the creative director, read the names of each country and cried when Syria was called. This market is humanity, humanity at its core” said Li to an audience of culture bearers who blur borders with an eye- dazzling convergence of handmade forms, textures, and designs—textiles, jewelry, beadwork, basketry, wood carvings, ceramics, rugs, glass and metal work, sculpture, mixed media, toys, and more. In these turbulent times, it’s an amazing experience to be part of something based on beauty and respect. Face to face with artists from over 5. As one of the 1. 54 artists who participated this year said, “The market is everything that’s right with the world” affirmed Keith Recker, IFAA Creative Director and board member. Kavita Parmar from IOU Project was a first time participant in Innovation Inspiration, a special exhibition area featuring works by 3. I have had the opportunity as a designer to present my work in many shows and fairs around the globe including fashion capitals like Paris, New York, Florence, Milan etc. I have never encountered such a strong sense of community and an incredibly beautiful empathy within the artisans, the clients and the many staff and volunteers of the IFAA. The client response I have had even after coming back from the show has reinforced my belief that the customer is looking for authenticity and a direct dialogue with the craftsperson and this is one of the answers to the future of a true luxury shopping experience. Carla Fernandez, from Mexico and also a first time participant, said that she was very surprised to encounter a spiritual experience sort of a boot camp of the positive, the possible and the future where sharing is the currency. She has been to many shows around the world just selling her products but this is the only time where she has felt a real support, a real sense of community. The show reaffirmed her belief that the future is handmade, that this is a possible and relevant future that can be a sustainable thriving business. She also said she encountered the real America, one that favors diversity and culture and a very different one from the one in the news. Porfirio Gutierrez from Oaxaca who participated in 2. To be accepted means to receive a special recognition and be the beneficiary of all the knowledge and care by a pull of top specialists in different areas such as branding, entrepreneurship, marketing etc. Porfirio was very proud to be chosen as a mentor this year, helping first time artisans to get around. Somporn Intaraprayong from Thailand, represented by Chinalai, has participated 8 times at the market. Her booth is the first stop of any serious textile collector and one of the first to sell out. This year she was invited as a panelist where she spoke from the heart about her community of seamstresses and sewers who use stitches to tell stories of the rice fields and their daily lives. She includes everyone who needs and wants to work, they all have a chance and get the most important teaching of all: there is also beauty in imperfection, beauty in every process, beauty in every stitch. Olga Reiche from Guatemala has been to the market 8 times representing pik’bil textiles from the Queckchi ethnic group of Coban. These lace type textiles were nearly extinct with all the Chinese imports. Olga, the daughter of a German and an indigenous woman from Coban, remembers visiting her grandmother and being mesmerized by her silver jewelry and intricate white lace dress made using one thread hand spun cotton, back strap loom and white on white. Eight years ago, Olga saw the market as the perfect place to present to the world this technique and to use this as an “excuse” to rescue the knowledge and convince the artisans that there is a market that appreciates their heritage. All CRACKs and SERIALs on ONE Site - crack.ms. Adobe Photoshop CC 2017 Crack with Serial Key Free Download Photoshop belongs to Creative Cloud, therefore you have access to all of your assets. I have the highest respect for the show, I know I will be surrounded by the best of the best, all chosen carefully according to principles of ethics, respect, tradition, heritage and culture. There is no place in the world where artisans are respected and honored like in Santa Fe”. Olga travels to the market with Amalia Gue, a weaver from a remote village who at 3. Olga’s. Fe Francis is the name of Amalia’s baby, named after the patron of the city and the market. Indeed, this is not a market, this is a miracle, as one of the slogans claims. The Santa Fe Folk Art Market is a community of ideals around sustainability, entrepreneurship, empowerment, diversity, well being and cultural preservation. Artists go home with 9. This impact is especially great for disenfranchised women and artists from developing countries, where artisan work is second only to agriculture and daily income averages less than $3. For both consumers and artists, the most positive path to the future is handmade.” Affirms Keith Recker. Seeing these cultural treasures and meeting the artists creates a connectivity that stirs the heart, opens the mind, and invites us to speak a single language,” says Judith Espinar, a co- founder of the Market. Through folk art, hope grows and understanding spreads across the world.”Marcella Echavarriawww. Marcella Echavarria is a Colombian- born, Mexico City based lifestyle specialist. She collaborates with designers and artisans around the world developing links that connect local knowledge with global trends. Her specialty is branding luxury and sustainability in a way that preserves cultures and traditions. Instagram. Collectivo 1. Grados, a collective of Mexican potters, makes modern forms using traditional methods and finishes. Left: Densely stitched indigo textiles by Thailand’s Somporn Intaraprayong Right: Li Edelkoort shopping at Somporn’s stand. Generously scaled Thai tribal silver jewelry was included among the textiles at Somporn Intaraprayong’s stand. Detail of a hooked rug made from recycled clothing by Cooperative de las Alfombras de Mujeres Mayas de Guatemala, a group of over 6. An array of indigo and natural cotton textiles by Somporn Intaraprayong. Detail of the sensuous stitchery of Somporn Intaraprayong. Detail of the recycled running stitch quilts of India’s Siddi Quilters, an African diaspora group whose work combines Indian and ancestral influences. Naturally dyed silks by Somporn Intaraprayong. Peruvian textile artist, author, and community organizer Nilda Callanaupa demonstrating the basics of hand spinning the Incan way. Details of hand- sewn, hand- embroidered, and hand- trimmed traditional Mexican blouses. Nepalese carpet weaver Sandeep Pokhrel shows off the lush tactility of his work. Kyrgyz felter Fariza Sheisheye stands in front of a massive, masterful felt carpet that sold moments after the opening bell. Details of jackets and tunics from the workshop of Uzbek ikat master Fazlitdin Dadajonov, who learned his skills from his father and grandfather. A member of the Valadez family, whose Huichol yarn paintings and beaded objects are market favorites for over a decade. The sisal- beaded edges of Tintsaba baskets from a women’s cooperative in Swaziland. Rushana Burkhanova sits atop a luxuriant pile of intricate Uzbek rugs from the Bukhara Carpet Weaving School. Left: an embroidery artist from Qasab Kutch, whose revival of 1. Right: a sculpture from Mexico’s Juan Garcia Antonio Stitch by Stitch founded by designer Graham Hollick is run by Graham and Karen Sear Shimali. They work with embroiderers and textile artisans in Gujarat, India to create hand crafted contemporary textiles for the home. After several life- changing trips to India, Graham admits to feeling as though he must have lived in India in a past life. One of the things that really excites me about India, is the visibility of craftsmanship everywhere you go: statue makers, weavers, kite makers.. This is lost in our culture - it's just not an everyday thing." says Graham. How to Start Your Own Record Shop. Do you have an enormous, unwanted record collection? Or do you just have an intense love for music you'd like to share with others? Your 2016 record: 10-6. Yep, you wasted another year of Aaron Rodgers’s prime. You are Atlanta Braves-ing him. Suck it. How do you have Aaron Rodgers and fall. Audio Interface (optional): If you want to record directly to your computer with your analog microphones, you’ll need an audio interface. These devices allow you to. How to Open an Art Gallery (with Pictures)Price your art reasonably. Art valuations are such that it would be easy for a gallery to justify charging absurdly high prices for art, even if that price has no grounding in reality. ![]() To actual make sales though, you will need a legitimate reason to charge what you do for each piece. When customers ask, explain that the artist has a show at a big museum, that their work usually sells in this price range, that their last show sold out quickly, or another concrete reason for the price. Customers, even those buying for the emotional experience of the art alone, want to know they aren't wasting their money. Also, when pricing your pieces, stay consistent throughout your shows. That is, don't showcase art that costs $1. This will alienate customers at both price levels.[2. Use your knowledge of market prices and your customers' purchasing power to price your art competitively. Find the latest business news on Wall Street, jobs and the economy, the housing market, personal finance and money investments and much more on ABC News. ![]() In many cases, you will be working for relatively small margins. However, a great dealer on the forefront of a new trend can make high- margin sales.[2. ![]() MS Paint, the first app you used for editing images, will probably be killed off in future updates of Windows 10, replaced by the new app Paint 3D. Microsoft lists. · The Photos app in Mac OS aims to manage all images found within the application, including pictures copied from an iPhone or memory card into the Photos. If your digital photo collections are a mess, the good news is that software (a lot of it free or included on Windows and Mac computers) and online services now have. ![]() Where Photos Files Are Stored on Mac. The Photos app in Mac OS aims to manage all images found within the application, including pictures copied from an i. Phone or memory card into the Photos app and those imported into the app as well. But have you ever wondered where those actual Photos files are stored on a Mac? We’re going to show you how to locate the image files that are contained within the Photos app on Mac OS. This is specific to Photos app, if you don’t use the Photos app to manage pictures on your Mac then your photos will not be stored within the applications package library and instead you’d likely find them through Finder in the generic Pictures folder or elsewhere in Mac OS. Photos image files are stored in the following location in Mac OS: ~/Pictures/Photos Library. Masters/The ~ tilde represents the users home directory, if you’re going to use the excellent Go To Folder command to access that directory don’t skip the ~ prefix. This obviously focuses on local image files and not anything stored within i. Cloud, which are instead accessed through i. Cloud Photo Library or the Photos app. How to Access Where Photos Files Are Stored in Mac OSIf you are going to manually navigate to the Photos file location using the Finder you would use the following steps; Open the Finder in Mac OS and go to your home directory. Go to the “Pictures” folder. Locate the file named “Photos Library. Right- click (or Control+Click) on “Photos Library. Show Package Contents”Open the folder named “Masters” to find the image files contained within Photos app. The Masters folder contains directories of photos organized by date in year, month, and day subfolders. Within each folder are the image files from that specific date. Note if you delete a picture from the masters directory it will no longer be accessible in Photos app. This is not recommended for obvious reasons. Copy a file from the directory if you wish to edit it. This package folder is not intended to be user- facing which is why it is hidden, nonetheless you can access your files directly if you so desire. If you’re confused, the video below shows the right- click / control- click approach to accessing the Photos master image files: Another approach to finding the original file from Photos app on Mac is using the “Show Referenced” function, which will open a Finder window directly to a file that was chosen from the Photos app. Savvy Mac users will notice that Photos app images are located in the same package style containment as other common Mac apps, and in the same parent directory as where i. Photo images are found and where Photo Booth files are located. RIP, Microsoft Paint. MS Paint, the first app you used for editing images, will probably be killed off in future updates of Windows 1. Paint 3. D. Microsoft lists the 3. Windows 1. 0’s next autumn update, a little X marking the end of an era. The app is certainly a relic, from a time when the casual computer user couldn’t crack open Photoshop or Skitch or Pixelmator or thousands of web apps. MS Paint can’t save image components as layers or vectors; it’s for making flat static images only. It doesn’t smooth lines or guess at your best intentions. It does what you tell it and nothing more, faithfully representing the herky- jerky motion of drawing freehand with a computer mouse. It’s from a time before touch, a time before trackpads. As more sophisticated options appeared, Paint’s janky aesthetic became a conscious choice. Paint” became the metonym for that aesthetic, even if an image was actually created in another app. TV Tropes lists major limitations that came to define a certain look: the wobbly freehand lines, awkward color handling, and inappropriate export settings that give Paint its distinctive look. In 2. 01. 4, Gawker’s Sam Biddle noted Paint’s influence on conspiracy theory images, calling the form “Chart Brut.” In amateur detectives’ attempts at identifying the Boston Marathon bombers, the simplicity and jaggedness of Paint evokes the “crazy wall” aesthetic of red string and scribbled notes, apparently without irony. The same year, internet historian Patrick Davison explored Paint’s influence on the last decade of meme culture, particularly Rage Comics. The outsider- art aesthetic feels appropriate to the relatable everyday content, and makes the art form unthreatening. Of course, Paint offered a few features to smooth things out, like the circle and line tools and the “fill” tool, all used in the stoner comics of the early 1. Crucially, those circles still had jagged curves. The bright colors of stoner comics are flat, as MS Paint didn’t support gradients (without an elaborate hack). Contrast those pixellated lines with the slick, stylish face from this art tutorial: This slickness is built into Paint’s successor, Paint 3. D. From the moment you start sketching, Paint 3. D smooths out your art. It also supports automatic selection tools and content- aware fill to rival Photoshop’s.)By automatically improving art, Paint 3. D hides the process behind the image. Paint’s sloppiness is probably why rage comics got so popular. Looking at a rage comic, you can tell exactly how it was drawn, and how you might draw one yourself. By delivering exactly what the artist draws, MS Paint forms an image that the viewer can mentally reverse- engineer and imitate. Unless you go absolutely nuts with it. Reddit user Toweringhorizon painstakingly assembled the drawing “To a Little Radio” using MS Paint tools like the oil brush, stretching the medium while maintaining a pixelated look. It’s one of the top submissions to MS Paint subreddit, a beautiful collaborative art gallery. Scrolling through this art feels like flipping through the sketchbook of the most artistic kid in high school. There’s an accepted roughness, a desired minimalism. For example, the exquisite raindrops in the work above are reflected in a flat, featureless tabletop. Like a transistor radio, Paint might be showing its age, but this tenacious little gadget should not be underestimated.“To a Little Radio” doesn’t even come close to testing Paint’s limits. As we say goodbye to the app that shaped an era, let us watch this bizarrely soundtracked time lapse of drawing Santa Claus in MS Paint on Windows 7 over the course of 5. We can only believe this is real because faking it would be even harder. MSN Health and Fitness has fitness, nutrition and medical information for men and women that will help you get active, eat right and improve your overall wellbeing. Last weekend I purchased some marijuana. 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Watch and download Discipline - Episode 1 (Discipline: The Hentai Academy,Discipline: The Record of a Crusade,ディシプリン) in English Sub/Dub and in. Daftar Anime Terlengkap Terupdate Terbaru Terbaik Terpopuler. Anime Romance School Comedy Mystery Action. Download Anime Batch Lengkap Satu Paket RAR. PHP: The Right Wayようこそ時代遅れの情報がウェブ上にあふれている。そんな情報を見たPHP初心者は戸惑ってしまうだろう。そして、まずい手法やまずいコードが広まってしまう。. PHP: The Right Way は気軽に読めるクイックリファレンスだ。PHPの一般的なコーディング規約、. PHPを使うための正式なお作法など存在しない ってこと。. PHP を使うことになった開発者に、いろんなトピックを紹介すること。. PHP: The Right Way は、他の言語にも翻訳されている。Book最新版の PHP: The Right Way (英語版)はPDFやEPUBやMOBIでも公開されている。 Leanpubでゲットしよう。協力するにはみんなでこのサイトをもっとよいものにしよう。PHPを勉強したい人たちのために良質な情報を集めるんだ! Git. Hubでね。拡散希望PHP: The Right Way のバナー画像を用意したので、みんなのサイトで使ってほしい。. An easy-to-read, quick reference for PHP best practices, accepted coding standards, and links to authoritative PHP tutorials around the Web. ![]() PHPを勉強したい人たちに「いい情報がここにあるよ!」ってぜひ伝えよう。バナー画像Back to Topはじめに最新の安定版 (7. PHP を試したいっていうのなら、最新の安定版である PHP 7. PHP 7. 1 は公開されたばかりの最新版で、PHP 5. PHP 7. 0 は、今までのバージョンよりもずっと高速になっている。とはいえ、しばらくは PHP 5. ![]() At Opencodez.com we are working to share open source stuff. We share code, development tips and tricks, WordPress Themes. So far we have shared 3 free WordPress. PHP is a server-side scripting language designed primarily for web development but also used as a general-purpose programming language. Originally created by Rasmus. Install PHP via phpbrew. phpbrew is a tool for installing and managing multiple PHP versions. This can be really useful if two different applications/projects require. PHP 5. x の最新バージョンは、5. PHP 5. 6の セキュリティ更新は、2. PHPの勉強を始めるときに、わざわざ本格的なウェブサーバーをインストールする必要はない。そう、PHP 5. S localhost: 8. 00. Mac の人はOS X には PHP が最初からインストールされているけど、最新の安定版からは微妙に遅れている。. Mavericks についてくるのは PHP 5. Yosemite でも 5. 5. El Capitan にしても 5. Sierra でも 5. 6. 2. PHP 7. 1 に比べると、十分だとはいえない。PHP を OS X にインストールするには、いくつかの方法がある。Homebrew によるインストールHomebrew は OS X 用の強力なパッケージ管理ツールで、. PHP やその拡張モジュールも簡単にインストールできる。. Homebrew PHP が、Homebrew 用の PHP 関連の “Formula” をまとめたリポジトリだ。. PHP をインストールできる。現時点では、php. PATH を設定すればいい。. brew- php- switcher を使えば、そのへんを自動的にやってくれる。Macports によるインストールMac. Ports プロジェクトはオープンソースのコミュニティによる取り組みで、. OS X上のオープンソースソフトウェアのコンパイルやインストールそしてアップグレードを簡単にできるようにする仕組みだ。. X1. 1やAquaベースのソフトにまで対応している。Mac. Ports はコンパイル済みのバイナリにも対応しているので、関連するライブラリなどを毎回ソースからコンパイルしなおす必要はない。. PHP を切り替える。sudo port select - -set php php. PHP をインストールして管理するためのツールだ。. PHP のバージョンが異なる場合に特に便利で、. Liipのバイナリインストーラーによる PHP のインストールphp- osx. PHP をインストールできる方法だ。バージョン 5. Apple がインストールした php のバイナリは上書きせず、まったく別の場所 (/usr/local/php. PHP の設定を完全にコントロールできる。. Xcode あるいはその代用ツール “Command Line Tools for XCode”. Apple の Mac Developer Center からダウンロードできる。全部入りのインストーラーここまでの方法は主に PHP 本体だけを扱うもので、たとえば Apache や Nginx、そしてデータベースサーバーなどは用意していない。. MAMP や XAMPP を使えば、. Windows の人はwindows. PHPフォルダのルート (php. PATH を通しておくといい。そうすれば、どこからでも PHP を実行できるようになる。学習用にローカルで開発する場合は PHP 5. My. SQLとかも含めた「全部入り」を使いたければ、Web Platform Installerや. XAMPP、Easy. PHP、Open. Server、そしてWAMPなどがお勧めだ。これらを使えば Windows 用の開発環境を手早く構築できる。. Windows で開発して Linux にデプロイ」. Windows 上でシステムを実運用する場合は、IIS 7 を使うとよい。これが一番安定しており、かつパフォーマンスも優れている。. IIS 7 用の GUI プラグイン) を使えば PHP の設定は管理をシンプルにできる。. IIS 7 には Fast. CGI が組み込まれており、すぐに使える。. PHP をハンドラとして設定するだけでよい。. PHP 専用のエリアがある。開発環境と運用環境が違っていると、いざ動かしたときにおかしなバグが発生しがちだ。. Windowsで開発したアプリケーションをLinux(などの非Windows環境)で動かしているのなら、仮想マシンを使うべきだ。Chris Tankersley has a very helpful blog post on what tools he uses to do PHP development using Windows. Back to TopコーディングスタイルPHP のコミュニティはとてもでっかくて、いろんな人たちがいる。. PHP のコードを書くときに、(できるだけ) 標準的なスタイルに従うことだ。. Framework Interop Group っていうところ. PSR- 0とPSR- 1、PSR- 2、そしてPSR- 4だ。. Drupal や Zend、Symfony、Laravel、Cake. PHP、php. BB、AWS SDK、Fuel. PHP、Lithium. などのプロジェクトが採用しつつある規約をまとめただけのものなんだ。. PHP のコードを書くときには、よく知られた何らかの標準規約に従うべきだ。. PSRの組み合わせでもいいし、PEARとかZendのやつでもかまわない。. PHP_Code. Snifferを使えば、. Sublime Textみたいなテキストエディタのプラグインを使えば、. PSR2 file. php. これは、エラーの内容とその修正方法を表示してくれる。. PHP_Code. Snifferを使っている場合は、指摘されたコードレイアウトの問題を自動的に修正することもできる。そのためにはPHP Code Beautifier and Fixerを使えばいい。phpcbf - w - -standard=PSR2 file. PHP Coding Standards Fixerで、. Back to Top言語仕様のポイントプログラミングのパラダイムPHP は柔軟性のある動的言語で、いろんなプログラミングテクニックに対応している。. PHP 5. 0 でのオブジェクト指向モデルの追加 (2. PHP 5. 3 での無名関数や名前空間の追加 (2. PHP 5. 4 でのトレイトの追加 (2. PHP には完全なオブジェクト指向プログラミングの機能が搭載されている。. PHP は、ファーストクラスの関数をサポートしている。. PHP の機能としてサポートしている。. PHP コードはそれよりも逐次処理を重視している。新型の無名関数 (クロージャにも対応したもの) が使えるようになったのは、PHP 5. PHP 5. 4 からは、クロージャをオブジェクトのスコープにバインドできるようになった。. PHP はいろんな形式のメタプログラミングに対応しており、リフレクション API やマジックメソッドが使える。. String()、そして __invoke(). Ruby の人がよく「PHP には method_missing がなくてさあ」とか言うけど、ちゃんと. Static() があるよ。名前空間さっきも言ったとおり、PHP のコミュニティでは多くの人たちがいろんなコードを書いている。. OS のファイルシステムのディレクトリと似てる。. PSR- 4 にまとまっている。. PHP- FIG はオートローディングに関する標準であった PSR- 0 を非推奨とした。. PSR- 0もPSR- 4も、今はどちらでも使える。. PSR- 4 は PHP 5. 3 以降が必須だけれど、今でも PHP 5. PSR- 0 に従っているからだ。これから新しくアプリケーションやパッケージを作るときにオートローダーの使いかたの参考にするのなら、まず間違いなく PSR- 4 だ。Standard PHP Library. Standard PHP Library (SPL) とは PHP に組み込まれた標準ライブラリで、. SPL のインターフェイスを実装したクラスをつくれば. PHP はもともとウェブアプリケーションを書くために作られたものだが、. CLI) のプログラムを書くのにも便利だ。. CLI の PHP プログラムが便利なのは、アプリケーションのコードを使うときに. UI を用意せずに済むところだ。. CLI の PHP スクリプトをウェブサーバーの公開ディレクトリに置くことは 絶対禁止 !PHP をコマンドラインで実行してみよう。> php - i- i は、PHP の設定情報を phpinfo 関数みたいに表示するオプションだ。- a オプションで対話シェルを使えるようになる。ruby の IRB とか、Python の対話シェルと同じようなものだ。. Hello, $name” プログラムを書いてみよう。hello. Usage: php hello. Hello, $name\n"; PHP のスクリプトを実行すると、コマンドラインの引数に関する変数がふたつ設定される。. PHP スクリプトのファイル名となる。今回の場合なら hello. Usage: php hello. Hello, world. Xdebugソフトウェア開発におけるいちばん便利なツールといえば、よくできたデバッガだ。. XdebugはPHP用のデバッガで、さまざまなIDEに組み込んで使える。. PHPUnitやKCache. Grindといったツールと組み合わせれば、. Xdebugのインストールはちょっと面倒だけど、. VMや別のサーバーでしているという人は、. ApacheのVHostあるいは. IDEがリスンしているポートに対応する。. IDEの設定で「接続をリスンする」モードに変えて、こんなURLを読み込むだけだ。http: //your- website. XDEBUG_SESSION_START=1. IDEがスクリプトの実行に割り込んで、ブレークポイントを設定したり. IDEには、Xdebugを使ったグラフィカルなデバッグの仕組みが初めから組み込まれているか、. Mac. GDBpというソフトもある。これは、Xdebugを使うためのフリーでオープンソースなMac用GUI環境で、スタンドアロンで使える。Back to Top依存関係の管理PHP のライブラリやフレームワークやコンポーネントって、大量に存在する。. PHP には依存関係をうまく管理する仕組みがなかった。. Composer と PEAR である。. Composer は現在 PHP のパッケージマネージャーとしていちばん人気があるものだけれど、かつてはパッケージマネージャーといえば PEAR だった。. PEAR の歴史も知っておいたほうがいい。今でも PEAR を使っているところがあるかもしれないし、. Composer と Packagist. Composerは、PHP用の すばらしい 依存管理ツールだ。プロジェクト内の依存関係を. Composer が自動的にそれをダウンロードしてくれるだけでなく、オートロードの設定までしてくれるんだ。. Composer は、node. js の NPM や Ruby の Bundler みたいなものだ。Composer に対応したライブラリは既にいろいろ出回っていて、自分のプロジェクトですぐに使える。. Packagist。これは、Composer 対応の PHP ライブラリをまとめた公式リポジトリである。Composer のインストールcomposer をダウンロードするいちばん安全な方法は、公式サイトの指示に従うこと。. Composer を ローカルに インストールする。つまり、いま作業中のディレクトリにインストールするということ。お勧めは、グローバルにインストールする (要するに、/usr/local/bin にだけ置く) 方式だ。. Composer を実行するときには php composer. Windows でのインストールWindowsの場合、一番簡単なのは [Composer. Setup][6] インストーラーを使う方法だ。. PATH も設定してくれるので、. Composer の手動インストール手動で Composer をインストールするのは初心者にはおすすめできない。. PHP が入っている. phar ファイルを正しく実行できるディレクトリのパーミッションが適切に設定されている問題のある特定の拡張モジュールがロードされていないphp. Composer のインストール方法を示す。curl - s https: //getcomposer. HOME/local/bin/composer. HOME/local/bin/composer$HOME/local/bin (あるいは、その他あなたが指定した場所) にパスを通しておく必要がある。. Composer を実行します」と書いてあれば、. Composer は、プロジェクトの依存関係を composer. Composer を使って編集してもいい。composer require を実行すると、プロジェクトの依存関係を追加する。. Twig を追加するものだ。composer require twig/twig: ~1. Composer がすべての依存ライブラリをダウンロードして vendor/ にインストールしてくれる。. PHP ファイルにこんな行を追加する。. Composer のオートローダーを使ってプロジェクトの依存ライブラリを読むよう指示している。< ? Composer は composer. Composer で php composer. Version. Eye にサインアップするといい。. Git. Hub アカウントや Bit. Bucket アカウントにある. composer. Security Advisories Checker は、Webサービスとコマンドラインツールとして提供されている。. Composerでのグローバルな依存関係の扱いComposer は、グローバルな依存関係やそのバイナリを扱うこともできる。. PHPUnit をグローバルに使えるようインストールしたければ、こんなコマンドを実行する。composer global require phpunit/phpunitこのコマンドは、 ~/. PATH に追加すればいい。PEAR古くからあるパッケージ管理ツールが PEAR だ。. Composer と同じような感じだけど、違うところもある。PEARの個々のパッケージは、ルールに従った構造にしておかないといけない。. PEARで使えるようにするにはパッケージの作者がきちんと準備しておかないといけないってことだ。. PEARで使うことを想定していないプロジェクトは、PEARではうまく使えない。PEARはパッケージをグローバル環境にインストールする。つまり、. PEARのインストールPEARをインストールするには、. PEARのドキュメントを見れば、各種OS向けに. Linuxを使っている場合は、ディストリビューションが提供しているパッケージマネージャーもチェックしよう。. DebianやUbuntuには php- pear というaptパッケージが用意されている。パッケージのインストールPEAR パッケージリストにあるパッケージなら、名前を指定して次のようにインストールできる。pear install foo別のチャネルで公開されているパッケージをインストールするには、まずそのチャネルを. PEARの依存関係をComposerで管理する既にComposerを使っているけれどもPEARのコードもインストールしたいという場合は、. ComposerにPEARの依存関係を処理させることもできる。. PEAR2_Text_Markdown": "*","pear- pear. PEAR2_HTTP_Request": "*"}}最初のセクションでは、"repositories"を使ってComposerにpearリポジトリを「初期化」. PEARの用語でいうと「discover」)する。. Package“pear”というプレフィックスをハードコードすることで、衝突を回避している。. URL)を使ってそのパッケージが属するチャネルを指定できるようにする。このコードをインストールすると、venderディレクトリの中にチャネル名のディレクトリができあがって、. Composerのオートローダーを通して自動的に使えるようになる。vendor/pear- pear. PEAR2_HTTP_Request/pear. HTTP/Request. phpこのPEARパッケージを使うには、単純にこのように参照するだけでいい。< ? HTTP\Request(); Back to Topコーディングに関する慣習基本PHP はとても懐が深い言語で、いろんなレベルの技術者が使えるし、手早く効率的にコードを書くことができる。. PHPでコードを書くときの基本を忘れないようにしよう。日付や時刻の扱いかたPHP の Date. Time クラスを使えば、日付や時刻の読み書き、比較、そして計算ができる。. PHP には Date. Time クラス以外にも日付や時刻がらみの関数が大量にあるけど、. Date. Time クラスにはちゃんとしたオブジェクト指向のインターフェイスがあるので. Date. Time を使って何かの操作をするためには、日付や時刻を表す文字列をファクトリーメソッド. From. Format() でオブジェクトに変換するか、あるいは new Date. Time. で現在の日時を取得する。format() メソッドを使えば、Date. Time を文字列に戻して出力できる。< ? Date. Time: :create. From. Format('d. m. Y',$raw); echo'Start date: '.$start- > format('Y- m- d')."\n"; Date. Time を使った計算をするときに使えるのが the Date. Interval クラスだ。. Date. Time には add() や sub() といった関数があって、その引数に指定するのがこの Date. Interval となる。. 1日が8. Date. Interval を使う。二つの日付の差を計算するときには. Date. Interval を返し、結果を表示するのも簡単だ。< ? Date. Interval('P1. M6. D')); $diff=$end- > diff($start); echo'Difference: '.$diff- > format('%m month, %d days (total: %a days)')."\n"; //Difference: 1month,6days(total: 3. ![]() Klachten over Telenet? Heb je klachten over Telenet? Beschrijf dan op onze website je klacht. Je bereikt er niet alleen veel mensen mee maar hopelijk krijg je ook een.
Beste Wi- Fi Router 2. U bent hier. Home - Wifi - Beste Wi- Fi router 2. Benieuwd welke router zich de beste Wi- Fi router 2. Een jaar geleden schreef ik een artikel over de beste Wi- Fi router voor 2. Op dit artikel heb ik veel positieve reacties mogen ontvangen. Omdat de techniek niet stil staat en er zeker op het gebied van Wi- Fi routers een hoop gebeurd, leek het mij handig om ook voor 2. UPDATE 2. 01. 7: Dit artikel uit 2. ![]() Lees: De beste Wi- Fi router 2. Mensen die graag wat meer basiskennis willen opdoen kunnen aan het begin van dit artikel lezen wat er belangrijk is aan een router en waarom er zoveel verschillende Wi- Fi routers op de markt zijn. Wilt u direct naar het advies? Klik dan op één van de onderstaande links. Beste Wi- Fi router tot € 1. Beste Wi- Fi router tot € 1. Beste Wi- Fi router tot € 2. Beste Wi- Fi router 2. Wat is belangrijk bij een Wi- Fi router? Bij de keuze van een Wi- Fi router zijn een aantal dingen belangrijk. Niet elke gebruiker heeft dezelfde eisen waardoor de duurste router niet per se de beste keus is voor iedereen. Wanneer u op internet surft, e- mail leest en misschien af en toe een video op youtube kijkt heeft u geen router nodig van € 5. U kunt dan prima uit de voeten met een router onder de € 1. Wilt u echter Netflix streamen of af en toe een film downloaden en heeft u meerdere draadloze apparaten in huis, dan zult u al snel een stapje hoger moeten gaan. De duurdere top routers zijn echt bedoeld voor hardcore gamers en gezinnen met veel draadloze apparatuur die samen veel gebruik maken van streaming video en audio als Netflix en Spotify. Houd er wel rekening mee dat de behoefte naar sneller internet en meer datagebruik bij iedereen toeneemt met de jaren, een goede router kan best 5 jaar mee. Gebruikt u nu niet het maximale, dan kan dat over een jaar of 2 misschien wel het geval zijn en is het niet fijn elke 2 jaar een nieuwe router te moeten kopen. De Hardware in een Wi- Fi router. Een Wi- Fi router is tegenwoordig bijna een volwaardige PC. In een Wi- Fi router zit een moederbord voorzien van een processor, werkgeheugen en één of meerdere Wi- Fi chips. Hoe sneller de processor, hoe meer connecties er kunnen worden gemaakt wat bijvoorbeeld handig is voor het downloaden van torrent bestanden en peer. Een snellere processor heeft ook nut bij het streamen van audio en video. Programma’s als Netflix en Spotify hebben hier dus baat bij. Het geheugen is vaak opgedeeld in 2 delen, het werkgeheugen en flash geheugen. Wanneer u veel draadloze apparaten heeft, dan is een groot werkgeheugen wel zo fijn. Per draadloos apparaat wordt ongeveer 1 MB werkgeheugen gebruikt om de verbinding in stand te houden. Een goede Wi- Fi router heeft meestal 2. MB of meer aan geheugen. Zo kunnen tientallen apparaten draadloos worden verbonden en wordt de rest van het geheugen gebruikt om de rest van de router aan te sturen. Het flashgeheugen biedt ruimte voor de software van de router en behoudt de instellingen. Het flashgeheugen is meestal kleiner dan het werkgeheugen. Wi- Fi chip & antennes. De Wi- Fi chip in de router bepaald samen met de Wi- Fi antennes het zendvermogen en manier van uitzenden. De gebruikte Wi- Fi standaard en het stralingspatroon kunnen veel verschil maken tussen een goed bereik en een slecht bereik. Goedkope Wi- Fi chips zorgen voor minder goed bereik en hoger stroomverbruik. GHz frequentie. Wi- Fi maakt gebruik van zowel de 2,4 GHz als de 5 GHz frequentie band. De 2,4 GHz frequentie heeft een langere golflengte en gaat dus beter door obstakels als muren en plafonds heen. Een nadeel hiervan is dat er minder data over kan worden verzonden dan bij de 5 GHz band. Een tweede nadeel is dat het zendvermogen op 2,4 GHz volgens de wet niet boven de 1. W mag uitkomen. Op zich hoeft dit geen probleem te zijn aangezien 1. W meer dan voldoende moet zijn voor een gemiddelde woning. GHz frequentie. De 5 GHz band heeft als voordeel dat er meer data kan worden verzonden met een hoger zendvermogen tot wel 1. W. Dit maakt deze frequentie dan ook ideaal voor langere afstanden of voor toepassingen waar een hogere snelheid belangrijk is. Een nadeel is dat obstakels als muren en plafond het signaal ernstig kunnen verstoren waardoor je beter voor 2,4 GHz kunt kiezen wanneer er een verdieping tussen de router en ontvanger zit. Wi- Fi antennes. Vroeger hadden routers 1 of 2 zichtbare antennes, soms zaten ze intern zodat u helemaal geen antenne zag. Tegenwoordig zie je de meest bizarre vormen waarbij 8 antennes heel normaal zijn. De antenne is een belangrijk onderdeel van een router. Een 2,4 GHz antenne is weer anders dan een 5 GHz antenne. Door elke frequentie zijn eigen antennes te geven, optimaliseren fabrikanten het Wi- Fi bereik enorm. Dual- Band Wi- Fi. De betere Wi- Fi routers gebruiken tegenwoordig meer dan 1 Wi- Fi chip zodat ze voor beide frequenties een aparte chip kunnen gebruiken in plaats van 1 chip die constant moet schakelen tussen beide frequenties. Door dit netjes te verdelen over meerdere chips zijn hogere snelheden en een beter bereik te behalen. Wi- Fi routers die op zowel 2,4 GHz als 5 GHz kunnen werken worden ook wel Dual- Band routers genoemd. Hier komt nu langzaam een opvolger voor in de vorm van Tri- band Wi- Fi. Tri- Band Wi- Fi. Afgelopen jaar is de eerste Tri- Band Wi- Fi router uitgekomen. In de loop van 2. Tri- band Wi- Fi routers uitgebracht die de huidige Dual- Band Wi- Fi routers zullen opvolgen. Tri- Band Wi- Fi routers beschikken over 2 of meer Wi- Fi zenders waarvan er 1 speciaal voor de 2,4 Ghz band gebruikt wordt en de overige zender(s) voor 5 GHz. Eén router levert dan als het ware 3 aparte Wi- Fi netwerken. Tri- Band Wi- Fi laat zich het beste uitleggen als we het vergelijken met een snelweg. De 3 frequentiebanden zijn de wegen. Alle draadloze apparatuur zoals computers, tablets en smartphones kunt u zien als de auto’s die op de wegen rijden. De 2,4 GHz apparaten gebruiken de langzamere 2,4 GHz baan terwijl apparatuur die meer snelheid nodig heeft op de snelle 5 GHz band rijdt. Stel dat u een smartphone heeft waarop u een video of stukje muziek wilt streamen, dan zal deze gebruik willen maken van de meest snelle baan. Voorheen moest hij netjes in de rij op de langzame baan rijden, maar met Tri- band Wi- Fi heeft hij 2 hoge snelheidsbanen tot zijn beschikking. De Tri- Band Wi- Fi routers gebruiken slimme software om al uw apparatuur automatisch op de juiste baan te laten rijden. U hoeft dus zelf eigenlijk niets te doen, alles wordt automatisch gedaan zonder dat u er iets van merkt. Uiteraard moet uw apparatuur wel geschikt zijn om op de snelste band te werken. Software in Wi- Fi routers. Fabrikanten hebben de laatste 2 jaar grote stappen gemaakt op gebied van software. Vaak wordt dit gedeelte van de router over het hoofd gezien bij de keuze voor een Wi- Fi router. Qo. SDe betere routers beschikken tegenwoordig over zeer geavanceerde software die bijvoorbeeld Qo. S ondersteund. Qo. S staat voor Quality of Services en zorgt ervoor dat bepaalde data voorrang krijgt op andere data. Wanneer u een video streamt of een Vo. IP gesprek voert mag er geen onderbreking plaatsvinden tijdens de dataoverdracht. Gebeurd dit wel dan krijgt u haperende video’s en wegvallende telefoongesprekken. Een download van een bestand of het surfen op internet heeft hier geen last van. Met Qo. S zorgt de router dat data van onder andere video en Vo. IP verkeer voorrang krijgt op andere data. Qo. S is dus ook ideaal voor gamers die multiplayer games spelen en een constante snelle verbinding nodig hebben. Beveiliging. Ook op gebied van beveiliging is er een hoop veranderd. Asus levert bijvoorbeeld een ingebouwde malware scanner van Trend. Micro zodat u geen aparte software hiervoor hoeft aan te schaffen voor uw apparatuur. Ook worden de ingebouwde firewalls steeds beter en zijn alle Wi- Fi routers tegenwoordig wel voorzien van ouderlijk toezicht om schadelijke content te blokkeren voor kinderen en tijdschema’s aan te maken voor deze groep gebruikers. Wi- Fi Tegenwoordig speelt de software ook een belangrijke rol in de Wi- Fi prestaties. De betere routers beschikken over software die de omgeving leert kennen en de juiste weg tussen alle obstakels weet te vinden naar de apparatuur. Sinds enige tijd is er ook software dat zelfs oudere Wi- Fi apparatuur een betere verbinding geeft zondat dat die apparaten dus over geavanceerde antennes en dure Wi- Fi chips hoeven te beschikken. Fabrikanten doen er alles aan om het Wi- Fi bereik zo optimaal mogelijk te maken. Beste Wi- Fi router 2. Porno. Rips – Daily Free Porn, Site. Rips, Kostenlos Porn. Anal, Hardcore, HD videos, Reality,September 2. 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